Мотивационный климат как психологический регулятор деятельности спортсменов: анализ зарубежных исследований
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32652/olympic2017.2_%25xКлючевые слова:
мотивационный климат, ориентация на задачу, ориентация на себя, теория целей достижения, теория самодетерминации, устойчивость к стрессу, устойчивость к выгоранию, сотрудничество, соперничествоАннотация
В статье приведен анализ зарубежных исследований мотивационного климата как долговременного регулятора деятельности и психических состояний спортсменов разного возраста и пола, различающихся по спортивной квалификации. Под мотивационным климатом понимается задаваемая социальным окружением спортсменов система ожиданий, ценностей, поощрений и порицаний, оказывающая влияние на становление их собственной мотивации. В исследованиях главным образом сравниваются два типа мотивационного климата: климат, ориентирующий спортсменов на самосовершенствование и достижение поставленных целей, обозначаемый как ориентация на задачу, и климат, ориентирующий на самоутверждение, названный ориентацией на себя. Приведены доказательства положительного влияния на активность спортсменов в тренировках, готовность к самосовершенствованию, устойчивость к стрессу и психическому выгоранию, сотрудничество с партнерами по подготовке мотивационного климата, ориентированного на задачу. Рассмотрены перспективные направления исследований мотивационного климата как существенного регулятора деятельности спортсменов.Библиографические ссылки
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