Витамин D: роль в спорте и спортивной медицине (обзор литературы)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32652/olympic2017.1_%25xКлючевые слова:
Спорт, физические нагрузки, витамин D, дефицит, недостаточность, нутритивно-метаболическая поддержкаАннотация
Детально описана роль витамина D в стимуляции работоспособности и поддержании здоровья спортсменов. Обоснованы критерии дефицита и пути коррекции уровня этого витамина в организме. Приведены основные фармакологические субстанции на основе витамина D, рекомендованные для употребления представителям разных видов спорта на этапах годичного цикла подготовки. В обзорной работе приведены систематизированные данные относительно методологии оценки содержания и критериев недостаточности и дефицита витамина D у представителей разных видов спорта, проживающих в разных климатических зонах. Сформулировано, что эффекты витамина D можно условно разделить на специальные, определяющие прямое и опосредованное влияние на показатели физической подготовленности и работоспособности спортсменов, и защитные, заключающиеся в повышении устойчивости к инфекционным болезням, в нормализации обменных процессов и предупреждении различных обменных заболеваний спортсменов. Постулировано, что у представителей России, Украины, Беларуси, а также западных стран наблюдаются частые признаки дефицита этого витамина, что сопровождается не только снижением эффективности тренировочной деятельности, но и приводит к развитию вторичных дизиммунных реакций, снижению минерализации костной ткани и росту травматизма. Описаны препараты и диетические добавки витамина D, а также их дозировки, рекомендованные мировыми ведущими спортивными институтами для применения у спортсменов на разных этапах годичного макроцикла. Обсуждены также механизмы влияния дефицита витамина D на образование в организме эндогенного тестостерона.Библиографические ссылки
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