Перенапряжение сердечно-сосудистой системы у спортсменов: причины, проявления, диагностика, профилактика

Виктория Безуглая

doi:10.32652/olympic2016.1_%x

Авторы

Виктория Безуглая Национальный университет физического воспитания и спорта Украины, Ukraine

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32652/olympic2016.1_%25x

Ключевые слова:

физические нагрузки, спортивное сердце, перенапряжение, гипертрофия миокарда, внезапная сердечная смерть

Аннотация

В данной статье рассмотрены современные представления о хроническом перенапряжении сердечно-сосудистой системы, возникающем в результате сверхинтенсивных и длительных физических нагрузок. Затронуты основные метаболические механизмы, влияющие на возникновение перенапряжения сердца. Основное внимание в работе акцентировано на характерных особенностях клинического течения, электрокардиографического и эхокардиографического проявления перенапряжения сердца у спортсменов разной квалификации. Показана роль гипертрофии миокарда в увеличении частоты внезапной кардиальной смерти спортсменов, что обусловливает необходимость регулярного медико-биологического контроля сердечно-сосудистой системы. Для профилактики перенапряжения сердечно-сосудистой системы спортсменов необходима, прежде всего, рациональная организация тренировочного процесса, обоснованное применение внетренировочных средств восстановления и стимуляции работоспособности, а также регулярный врачебный контроль, включающий санирование очагов хронической инфекции и проведение функциональных исследований состояния сердца, включая ЭКГ и эхокардиографию.

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