Синдром перенапряжения у спортсменов: миокардиальные биохимические маркеры
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32652/olympic2017.4_%25xКлючевые слова:
физические нагрузки, перенапряжение сердца, кардиомиоцит, метаболизм, окислительный стресс, гипоксия, мембраныАннотация
В обзорной работе освещены специфические и неспецифические метаболические перестройки, происходящие в организме спортсмена при интенсивных и длительных физических нагрузках. Акцент сделан на том, что первичным звеном последующих сдвигов гомеостатического равновесия является окислительный стресс. К специфическим маркерам перенапряжения миокарда относятся изменения активности миокардиальной фракции креатинфосфокиназы, уровня сердечных тропонинов І и Т, а также концевых натрийуретических пептидов. Более широкий круг неспецифических маркеров перенапряжения миокарда включает как показатели нарушения липидного обмена, так и опосредованные именно окислительным стрессом многочисленные метаболические сдвиги на уровне клеточных и субклеточных мембран кардиомиоцитов и снижение содержания АТФ в них и эритроцитах, что сопровождается ухудшением кислородтранспортной функции крови, что ведет к формированию гипертрофической кардиомиопатии. Определение маркеров перенапряжения сердца спортсменов дает возможность своевременно осуществлять коррекционные мероприятия фармакологического характера, направленные на нормализацию указанных метаболических изменений.Библиографические ссылки
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